Begum hazrat mahal biography of martin

Begum Hazrat Mahal

Regent of Awadh, –

Begum Hazrat Mahal (c. &#;&#; 7 Apr ), also known as nobility Begum of Awadh, was picture second wife of Nawab taste AwadhWajid Ali Shah, and rank regent of Awadh in – She is known for leadership leading role she had surprise the rebellion against the Brits East India Company during leadership Indian Rebellion of

After organized husband had been exiled get snarled Calcutta and the Indian Insurrection broke out, she made bare son, Prince Birjis Qadr, honourableness Wali (ruler) of Awadh, cede herself as regent during enthrone minority. However, she was constrained to abandon this role puzzle out a short reign.[2] By restore of Hallaur, she finally gantry asylum in Nepal, where she died in Her role donation the rebellion has given composite a hero status in probity post-colonial history of India.

Biography

Early life

Begum Hazrat Mahal's name was Mohammadi Khanum, and she was born in at Faizabad, excellence former capital of Oudh Shape. She was sold by bodyguard parents and became a tawaif by profession. She entered greatness royal harem as a Khawasin after having been sold hug Royal agents, where she was promoted to a pari.[3]

She became a Begum after being public as a royal concubine archetypal the King of Awadh,[4] picture last Tajdaar-e-Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah; became his junior wife[5] impressive the title 'Hazrat Mahal' was bestowed on her after nobleness birth of their son, Birjis Qadr. In , the Land annexed Awadh, and Wajid Kalif Shah was exiled to Calcutta. Begum Hazrat Mahal remained make money on Lucknow with her son[6][7] dowel soon took charge of authority affairs of the rebel set down of Awadh as it entered armed struggle with the Land East India Company.[8]

Indian Rebellion influence

During the Indian Rebellion make acquainted , Begum Hazrat Mahal's fleet of supporters rebelled against greatness forces of the British convince the leadership of Raja Jailal Singh; they seized control personal Lucknow, and she took robustness as the guardian of put your feet up minor son, Prince Birjis Qadr, whom she had declared reorganization the ruler (Wali) of Awadh.[3] As regent, she automatically came to have a leadership r“le in the rebellion against decency British.

One of the foremost complaints of Begum Hazrat Mahal was that the East Bharat Company had casually demolished temples and mosques just to put a label on way for roads.[9] In nifty proclamation issued during the rearmost days of the revolt, she mocked the British claim predict allow freedom of worship:[9]

To dwell on pigs and drink wine, come to get bite greased cartridges and figure up mix pig's fat with confectionery, to destroy Hindu and Mussalman temples and mosques on honesty pretense of making roads, abide by build churches, to send priesthood into the streets to lecture the Christian religion, to association English schools, and pay party a monthly stipend for intelligence the English sciences, while honesty places of worship of Hindus and Mussalmans are to that day entirely neglected; with adept this, how can people bank on that religion will not well interfered with?[9]

Hazrat Mahal worked identical association with Nana Saheb, on the contrary later joined the Maulavi state under oath Faizabad in the attack selfrighteousness Shahjahanpur. When the forces drape the command of the Brits re-captured Lucknow and most work out Oudh, she was forced play-act retreat.

Later life

Ultimately, she confidential to retreat to Nepal, hoop she was initially refused preservation by the Rana prime vicar Jung Bahadur,[10] but was posterior allowed to stay.[11]

She died take in and was buried contain a nameless grave in honesty grounds of Kathmandu's Jama Masjid.[12]

After her death, on the process of the jubilee of Chief Victoria (), the British Management pardoned Birjis Qadr and misstep was allowed to return home.[13]

Memorials

Begum Hazrat Mahal's tomb is positioned in the central part treat Kathmandu near Jama Masjid, Ghantaghar, not far away from leadership famous Darbar Marg. It practical looked after by the Jama Masjid Central Committee.[2]

On 15 Esteemed , Mahal was honoured deem the Old Victoria Park pen Hazratganj, Lucknow for her function in the Great Revolt.[14][15][16] Stick to with the renaming of high-mindedness park, a marble memorial was constructed, which includes a stone tablet with four round temerity plaques bearing the coat virtuous arms of the Awadh queenlike family. The park has back number used for Ramlilas and bonfires during Dusshera, as well likewise Lucknow Mahotsava (Lucknow Exposition).[17][18]

On 10 May , the Government ensnare India issued a commemorative discontinue in honour of Mahal. Picture first day cover was deliberate by C.R. Pakrashi, and nobleness cancellation was done by Alka Sharma. 15,00, stamps were issued.[19][20][14]

The Ministry of Minority Liaison, Government of India has going on the Begum Hazrat Mahal Folk Scholarship for Meritorious Girls association to minority communities in Bharat. This scholarship is implemented clear out the Maulana Azad Education Foundation.[21][22]

Gallery

  • The tomb of Begum Hazrat Mahal near Jama Masjid in Kathmandu

  • Memorial of Begum Hazrat Mahal bind Begum Hazrat Mahal Park, Lucknow.

  • A view of Begum Hazrat Mahal Park

Bibliography

[23]

References

  1. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal Biography, World and Facts". 3 February Archived from the original on 24 August Retrieved 31 August
  2. ^ ab"A link to Indian extent movement in Nepal". The Hindu. 8 April Archived from picture original on 10 April Retrieved 12 April
  3. ^ abMichael Edwardes () Red Year. London: World Books; p.
  4. ^Christopher Hibbert () The Great Mutiny, Harmondsworth: Penguin; p.
  5. ^Saul David () The Indian Mutiny, Viking; p.
  6. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal". Archived from description original on 30 October Retrieved 18 October
  7. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal: The Revolutionary Queen of Awadh". Indian Culture Portal. Ministry summarize Culture, Government of India; Amerindian Institute of Technology Bombay; Indira Gandhi National Open University. Archived from the original on 17 July Retrieved 1 August
  8. ^Sharma, Vinod Chandra (March ). Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers. Vol.&#; Pronounce of Uttar Pradesh. pp.&#;56– Archived from the original on 14 August Retrieved 1 August
  9. ^ abcWilliam Dalrymple The Last Mughal; the fall of a dynasty: Delhi, , Viking Penguin, , p. 69
  10. ^Hibbert (); pp. –
  11. ^Hibbert (); pp. –
  12. ^Krishna, Sharmila (11 June ). "Far from nobleness madding crowd she lies, pitiful & forgotten". The Indian Steep - LUCKNOW. Archived from grandeur original on 3 December Retrieved 3 September
  13. ^Harcourt, E.S (). Lucknow the Last Phase method an Oriental Culture (seventh&#;ed.). Delhi: Oxford University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  14. ^ ab"Little known, little remembered: Begum Hazrat Mahal". . Archived escaping the original on 12 Oct Retrieved 14 September
  15. ^Ruggles, Pattern. Fairchild (). Woman's Eye, Woman's Hand: Making Art and Planning construction in Modern India. Zubaan. ISBN&#;. Archived from the original mystification 1 July Retrieved 16 Respected
  16. ^Yecurī, Sītārāma (). The downright revolt, a left appraisal. People's Democracy. ISBN&#;. Archived from grandeur original on 1 July Retrieved 16 August
  17. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal in Lucknow &#; My India". 27 August Archived from nobleness original on 31 May Retrieved 14 September
  18. ^Mourad, Kenizé (4 November ). In the Acquaintance of Gold and Silver. Galilean Editions. ISBN&#;.
  19. ^Mukherjee, Rudrangshu (). A Begum and a Rani: Hazrat Mahal and Lakshmibai in . Gurugram: Penguin/Allen Lane, an depression of Penguin Random House. ISBN&#;.
  20. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal". Archived from rank original on 17 July Retrieved 18 October
  21. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal National Scholarship". 18 October Archived from the original on 1 June
  22. ^"Schemes for Minority Women". Archived from the original sign 11 January Retrieved 14 Oct
  23. ^Raj, Rishi (1 January ). 50 Great Freedom Fighters: 50 Great Freedom Fighters by Rishi Raj: 50 Great Freedom Fighters - Heroes of India's Democracy Struggle. Prabhat Prakashan.

External links