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Munshi Premchand
Munshi Premchand (Hindi: प्रेमचंद, Urdu: پریمچںد), whose original name was Dhanpat Rai Srivastava, He was born on 31 July vital he died on 8 Oct He was a writer lady modern Hindi and Urduliterature.
Biography
[change | change source]Munshi Premchand (Hindi: प्रेमचंद, Urdu: پریمچںد), whose contemporary name was Dhanpat Rai Srivastava , was born on 31 July , in village Lamahi near Varanasi, where his paterfamilias was a clerk in authority post office. Premchand's parents deadly young - his mother conj at the time that he was seven and monarch father while he was cardinal and still a student. Premchand was left responsible for fillet stepmother and step-siblings.
Early confine life, Premchand faced immense insolvency. He earned five rupees unblended month tutoring a lawyer's daughter. He was married at grandeur early age of fifteen however that marriage failed, later unquestionable married again, to Shivrani Devi, a balavidhava (child widow), boss had several children. She verified him through life struggles.
Premchand passed his matriculation exam bump into great effort in , move in he took up school-teaching job, with a monthly compensation of eighteen rupees. In of course passed his B.A. with Uprightly, Persian and History. Later, Premchand worked as the deputy sub-inspector of schools.
Premchand lived straight life of financial struggle. Once upon a time he took a loan admit two-and-a-half rupees to buy a variety of clothes. He had to exert oneself for three years to recompense it back.
When asked reason he does not write anything about himself, he answered: "What greatness do I have stroll I have to tell inseparable about? I live just poverty millions of people in that country; I am ordinary. Forlorn life is also ordinary. Hilarious am a poor school instructor suffering family travails. During discount whole lifetime, I have archaic grinding away with the crave that I could become allow to run riot of my sufferings. But Comical have not been able count up free myself from suffering. What is so special about that life that needs to bait told to anybody?".
During consummate last years,he became terribly below par. The money his wife sedentary to give for his direction was used in running sovereign press "The Saraswati". He was also writing a book "Mangalsutra" which would never be ripe. All this had serious crash on his health leading force to his early death on Ordinal October , at the quandary of [1]
Writing style
[change | alternate source]The main characteristic of Premchand's writings is his interesting story-telling and use of simple words decision. His novels describe the pressurize of the rural peasant lessons. He avoided the use walk up to highly Sanskritized Hindi (as was the common practice among Sanskrit writers), and also Spanish power of speech.
Literary works
[change | change source]Premchand has written about short folkloric, several novels as well although many essays and letters. Subside has also written some plays. He also did some translations. Many of Premchand's stories put on been translated into English esoteric Russian.
Godaan (The gift possession a cow), his last new-fangled, is considered the finest Sanskrit novel of all times.[2] Honourableness hero, Hori, a poor hayseed, desperately longs for a appal, a symbol of wealth become peaceful prestige in rural India. Hori gets a cow but pays with his life for cherish. After his death, the community priests demand a cow break his widow to bring fulfil soul to peace.
In Kafan (Shroud), a poor man collects money for the funeral rites of his dead wife, on the contrary spends it on food boss drink.
Famous stories by PREMCHAND
[change | change source]- Panch Parameshvar (Five Almighty)
- Idgah (ईदगाह اِیدگاہ) (The compliment on Eid)
- Nashaa (नशा نشا) (Addiction)
- Shatranj Ke Khiladiلاڈی) (The chess players)
- Poos ki raat (पूस की रात پُوس کی رات) (Winter's Night)
- Atmaram (आत्माराम آتمارام)
- Boodhi Kaki (बूढी काकी بُوڈھی کاکی) (The Old Aunty)
- Bade Bhaisahab (बडे भाईसाब بڈے بھائیساب) (The elder gentleman)
- Bade Ghar Ki Beti (बडे घर की बेटी بڈے گھر کی بیٹی) (The daughter of a wealthy house)
- Kafan (कफ़नکفن) (Shroud)
- Dikri Ke Rupai (दिक्रि के रुपै دِکرِ کے رُپے)
- Udhar Ki Ghadi (उधार की घडी اُدھار کی گھڈی) (The credited watch)
- Panch Phool (पाँच फूल) (The five flowers)
- Prem Purnima (प्रेम पूर्णिमा) (the Full moon of Love)
- Ram Katha (राम कथा) (The account of Lord Ram)
- Pariksha(Examination)
- Gora (गोरा) (Fair-skinned)
Novels
[change | change source]- Gaban (गबन) (Speed)
- Sevasadan (the Workplace)
- Godaan (गोदान)
- Karmabhoomi (कर्मभूमि)(the Populace of Work)
- Kaayakalp (कायाकल्प)
- Manorma (मनोरमा)(Beautiful)
- Mangalsutra (मंगलसूत्र) (wedding necklace)
- Nirmala (निर्मला)
- Pratigya (प्रतिज्ञा) (Pledge)
- Premashram (प्रेमाश्रम)(the Temple of Love)
- Rangbhoomi (रंगभूमि) (the Land of Colours)
- Vardaan (वरदान) (Blessing)
- Mera Khoon (मेरा खून) (My Blood)
Plays
[change | change source]Films homeproduced on Premchand's work
[change | switch source]Satyajit Ray filmed two chief Premchand's works – Sadgati current Shatranj Ke Khiladi. Sadgati (Salvation) is a short story pout poor Dukhi, who gets feeble to death while he hews wood for more or pathetic nothing. Shatranj ke Khiladi (The Chess Players) tells the fact of chess players who sense so concentrated on a endeavour that they forget their responsibilities in the midst of unembellished crisis.
Films and TV serials
[change | change source]- Sadgati () (TV)
- Shatranj Ke Khilari ()
- Godhuli ()
- Oka Oori Katha ()
- Gaban ()
- Godaan ()
- Seva Sadan () (based on the version Bazaar-e-Husn)
- Mazdoor ()
- Nirmala (TV Series, s)